Carbon chemistry
Allotrope — অ্যালোট্রোপ
Quick answer
Different structural forms of one element — diamond, graphite and fullerene for carbon; and for oxygen.
Definition
Allotropes are different forms of the same element, in which the atoms bond together in different arrangements, giving strikingly different properties. Carbon is the star: diamond has each atom bonded to four others in a rigid 3-D network, the hardest natural material; graphite stacks slippery sheets that conduct electricity; fullerenes form hollow balls. Oxygen also has allotropes: the we breathe and ozone, , which shields us from ultraviolet light.
For example
Your pencil's graphite core and a diamond ring are both pure carbon, yet one slides on paper for a few taka and the other scratches glass for a fortune.